• 木炭もくたん — wood charcoal
• 炭火すみび — charcoal fire
• 炭素たんそ — carbon
• 炭酸たんさん — carbonic acid / soda
• 活性炭かっせいたん — activated charcoal

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炭 combines the radical 火 (fire) with a phonetic element suggesting “black” or “burned.” It appears in both traditional uses like charcoal for fuel and modern terms such as carbon and carbon dioxide.

炭火すみびで肉にくを焼やきました。
I grilled meat over a charcoal fire.

石炭せきたんは昔むかしの主おもな燃料ねんりょうでした。
Coal was a major fuel in the past.